1. Interchange two equations.
2. Multiply an equation by a nonzero constant.
3. Add a multiple of an equation to another constant.
Two matrices are said to be row-equivalent if one can be obtained from the other by a finite sequence of elementary row operations.
Example:
a. Interchange the first and second rows.
Original Matrix New Row-Equivalent Matrix0 1 3 4 -1 2 0 3
-1 2 0 3 0 1 3 4
2 -3 4 1 2 -3 4 1
b. Multiply the first and second row by 1/2 to produce a new first row.
Original Matrix New Row-Equivalent Matrix
2 -4 6 -2 1 -2 3 -1
1 3 -3 0 1 3 -3 0
5 -2 1 2 5 -2 1 2
c. Add -2 times the first row to the third row to produce a new third row.
Original Matrix New Row-Equivalent Matrix
1 2 -4 3 1 2 -4 3
0 3 -2 -1 0 3 -2 -1
2 1 5 -2 0 -3 13 -8
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